META ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ON NEUROFEEDBACK
 
by Jiri Tyl, Ph.D., Clinical Psychologist, EEG Spectrum Affiliate 
President, EEG Biofeedback Institute of the Czech Republic EEG Biofeedback, 
Clinical Psychology, Neurology University Hospital Policlinic Lannova 2, 
Prague 1 Czech Republic, CZ-110 00
Phone: + 420 602 22 49 64 Fax: + 420 2 2480 2374
E-mail: <biofeedback@mbox.vol.cz URL: <www.eegbiofeedback.cz>
 
 
DIAGNOSES IN PEER-REVIEWED JOURNALS:
 
ADHD; Learning Disabilities; Epilepsy; Alcohol Abuse; PSTD; Anxiety 
Dis.; Sleep Dis.; Depression; CFS; Headache; Migraine; Memory impairment; 
Laryngeal dyskinesis; Tics; Tinnitus; Tourette's syndrome; TBI; Stroke; 
Autism; Multiple Sclerosis; Schizophrenia Total paralysis 
 

DISORDERS

# STUDIES

# SUBJECTS

# MEDLINE

# CONTROLLED

ADHD

35

1539

20

7

ANXIETY DIS.

19

124

15

2

BEHAVIOR DIS.

27

285

19

6 (incl. Addictions)

EPILEPSY

45

364

42

12

Other: Tics, Insomnia, etc.  

40

466

27

6

TOTAL

166

2778

123

33

 
 
DECADE                 # STUDIES PUBLISHED
 

1970 – 1979

203

1980 – 1989

160

1990 - 1999

180

2000

117

Total

660

 
METHOD OF CONTROL:                            # STUDIES
Controlled design (ABAB, sham feedback)       14
Control group                                 13
Comparative group                              1
Controlled case study                         20
TOTAL CONTROLLED:                             48
 
PUBLICATION SOURCES:
Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback (Biofeedback & Self Regulation Magazine)                                    27
International Journal of Psychophysiology     9
Clinical Electroencephalography               8
EEG and Clinical Neurophysiology              7
Clinical Neurophysiology                      5
Epilepsy Research                             5
Science                                       4
Neuroreport                                   4
Medical Psychotherapy (plus Advances in Medical Psychotherapy) 4
Journal of Biofeedback                        4
Epilepsia                                     3
Biological Psychiatry                         3
Psychophysiology                              3
Biological Psychology                         3
Experimental Neurology                        2
Seizure                                       2
Pavlovian Journal of Biological Science       2
Neuroscience Letters                          2
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2
Alcohol Clinical and Experimental Research    2
 
One paper each:
Journal of Addictive Disorders;
Behavioral Medicine;
Behavioral Modification;
Journal of Behavioral Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry;
Child Abuse and Neglect;
Journal of Clinical Psychology;
Comprehensive Psychiatry;
Journal of Consulting Psychology;
Experimental Brain Research;
Fiziologia Cheloveka;
Archives of General Psychiatry;
Headache Quarterly;
Annals of Internal Medicine;
Journal of Learning Disabilities;
Medical Science and Sports Exercise;
Minerva Medicine;
Nature;
European Neurology;
Archives of Neurology;
Neurology; J Neurology and Neurosurg.;
Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology;
Pain;
Psychiatry;
Psychology Report;
Psychosomatic Medicine;
Journal of Psychotherapy;
Scandinavian Journal of Behavioral Therapy;
Science,
The J of the American Association for the Advancement of Science;
 
SOURCES RESUME:
 
TOTAL MEDLINE STUDIES          131
TOTAL MEDLINE JOURNALS          48
Average per journal              2.8
 
NON-MEDLINE JOURNALS (6):
Journal of Neurotherapy               12
Subtle Energies                       1
Journal of Transpersonal Psychology   1
National Head Injury Syllabus         1
Dissertations Abstracts               1
Informatorium (Czech)                 1
TOTAL STUDIES                         17
 
 
 
CRITERIA:
SIGNIFICANT STATISTICAL IMPROVEMENT  # USAGE IN STUDIES
1 SEIZURE FREQUENCY                           23
2 WISC                                        11
3 TOVA                                        10
4 EEG                                         10
5 Wide Range Achievement Test - WRAT           7
6 Abstinence follow-up                         5
7 Conners Parent Rating Scale                  4
8 DSM ADHD Rating                              4
9 ADD Evaluation Scale (ADDES)                 3
10 Mind directed computer writing              3
11 Beck Depression Inventory                   3
12 Benton Visual Retention Test                2
13 Reading Quotient (Czech)                    2
14 Digit Square (Czech)                        2
15 MCMI (Millon)                               2
16 Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT)     1
17 School work                                 1
18 Word Fluency Test                           1
19 Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test
20 Tapping test
21 Symbol Digit Modalit.  Test
22 Grooved Pegboard
23 BVM
24 Trail MakingTest
25 16 PF (Cattell)
26 Personal Orientation Inventory (Shostrom)
27 DDT
28 SPECT
29 Shooting Accuracy
30 Criminal behavior follow-up
31 SNAP Rating Scale
 
 
CRITERIA RESUME:
 
TOTAL OBJECTIVE MEASURES USED:          31
TOTAL OBJECTIVE MEASURES USAGE:         65
USED MEASURES AVERAGE PER STUDY:         2.1
# SUBJECTS in studies reviewed:       1967
In controlled studies:                 120

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